{"id":7149,"date":"2017-11-18T10:33:40","date_gmt":"2017-11-18T15:33:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/?p=7149"},"modified":"2018-03-07T16:54:13","modified_gmt":"2018-03-07T21:54:13","slug":"statebins-reimagined","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2017\/11\/18\/statebins-reimagined\/","title":{"rendered":"Statebins Reimagined"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A long time ago, in a github repo far, far away there lived a tiny package that made it possible to create equal area, square U.S. state cartograms in R dubbed <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/hrbrmstr\/statebins\"><code>statebins<\/code>?<\/a>. Three years have come and gone and &#8212; truth be told &#8212; I&#8217;ve never been happy with that package. It never felt &#8220;right&#8221; and that gnawing feeling finally turned into action with a &#8220;re-imagining&#8221; of the API.<\/p>\n<h3>Previously, on <code>statebins<\/code>&hellip;<\/h3>\n<p>There were three different functions in the old-style package:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>one for discrete scales (it automated &#8216;cuts&#8217;)<\/li>\n<li>one for continuous scales<\/li>\n<li>one for manual scales<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It also did some hack-y stuff with <code>grobs<\/code> to try to get things to look good without putting too much burden on the user.<\/p>\n<p>All that &#8220;mostly&#8221; worked, but I always ended up doing some painful workaround when I needed more custom charts (not that I have to use this package much given the line of work I&#8217;m in).<\/p>\n<h3>Downsizing <code>statebins<\/code><\/h3>\n<p>Now, there&#8217;s just <em>one<\/em> function for making the cartograms &#8212;  <code>statebins()<\/code> &#8212; and another for applying a base theme  &#8212; <code>theme_statebins()<\/code>. The minimalisation has some advantages that we&#8217;ll take a look at now, starting with the most basic example (the one on the manual page):<\/p>\n<pre id=\"statebinsri01\"><code class=\"language-r\">library(statebins)\r\nlibrary(tidyverse)\r\n\r\ndata(USArrests)\r\n\r\nUSArrests$state &lt;- rownames(USArrests)\r\nstatebins(USArrests, value_col=&quot;Assault&quot;, name = &quot;Assault&quot;) +\r\n  theme_statebins(legend_position=&quot;right&quot;)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/plot_zoom_png-3.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7150\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2017\/11\/18\/statebins-reimagined\/plot_zoom_png-6\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/plot_zoom_png-3.png?fit=1708%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1708,1024\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"plot_zoom_png\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/plot_zoom_png-3.png?fit=510%2C306&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/plot_zoom_png-3.png?resize=510%2C306&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"510\" height=\"306\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-7150\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Two things should stand out there:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>you got <code>scale_fill_distiller()<\/code> for free!<\/li>\n<li>labels are dark\/light depending on the tile color<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Before we go into ^^, it may be helpful to show the new function interface:<\/p>\n<pre id=\"statebinsri02\"><code class=\"language-r\">library(statebins)\r\nlibrary(tidyverse)\r\n\r\nstatebins(state_data, state_col = &quot;state&quot;, value_col = &quot;value&quot;,\r\n  dark_label = &quot;black&quot;, light_label = &quot;white&quot;, font_size = 3,\r\n  state_border_col = &quot;white&quot;, state_border_size = 2,\r\n  ggplot2_scale_function = ggplot2::scale_fill_distiller, ...)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>You pass in the state name\/abbreviation &amp; value columns like the old interface but also specify colors for the dark &amp; light labels (set hex code color with <code>00<\/code> ending alpha values if you don&#8217;t want labels but Muricans are pretty daft and generally need the abbreviations on the squares). You can set the font size, too (we&#8217;ll do that in a bit) and customize the border color (usually to match the background of the target medium). BUT, you <em>also<\/em> pass in the ggplot2 scale function you want to use and the named parameters for it (that&#8217;s what the <code>...<\/code> is for).<\/p>\n<p>So, <em>yes<\/em> I&#8217;ve placed more of a burden on <em>you<\/em> if you want discrete cuts, but I&#8217;ve also made the package way more flexible <em>and<\/em> made it possible to keep the labels readable without you having to lift an extra coding finger.<\/p>\n<p>The <code>theme()<\/code>-ing is also moved out to a separate theme function which makes it easier for you to further customize the final output.<\/p>\n<h3>But that&#8217;s not all!<\/h3>\n<p>There are now squares for Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and New York City (the latter two were primarily for new features\/data in <code>cdcfluview<\/code> but they are good to have available). Let&#8217;s build out a larger example with some of these customizations (we&#8217;ll make up some data to do that):<\/p>\n<pre id=\"statebinsri03\"><code class=\"language-r\">library(statebins)\r\nlibrary(tidyverse)\r\nlibrary(viridis)\r\n\r\ndata(USArrests)\r\n\r\n# make up some data for the example\r\n\r\nrownames_to_column(USArrests, &quot;state&quot;) %&gt;%\r\n  bind_rows(\r\n    data_frame(\r\n      state = c(&quot;Virgin Islands&quot;, &quot;Puerto Rico&quot;, &quot;New York City&quot;),\r\n      Murder = rep(mean(max(USArrests$Murder),3)),\r\n      Assault = rep(mean(max(USArrests$Assault),3)),\r\n      Rape = rep(mean(max(USArrests$Rape),3)),\r\n      UrbanPop = c(93, 95, 100)\r\n    )\r\n  ) -&gt; us_arrests\r\n\r\nstatebins(us_arrests, value_col=&quot;Assault&quot;,\r\n          ggplot2_scale_function = viridis::scale_fill_viridis) +\r\n  labs(title=&quot;USArrests + made up data&quot;) +\r\n  theme_statebins(&quot;right&quot;)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7154\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2017\/11\/18\/statebins-reimagined\/unnamed-chunk-4-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png?fit=1344%2C960&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1344,960\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"unnamed-chunk-4-1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png?fit=510%2C364&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png?resize=510%2C364&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"510\" height=\"364\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-7154\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Cutting to the chase<\/h3>\n<p>I still think it makes more sense to use binned data in these cartograms, and while you no longer get that for &#8220;free&#8221;, it&#8217;s not difficult to do:<\/p>\n<pre id=\"statebinsri04\"><code class=\"language-r\">adat &lt;- suppressMessages(read_csv(system.file(&quot;extdata&quot;, &quot;wapostates.csv&quot;, package=&quot;statebins&quot;)))\r\n\r\nmutate(\r\n  adat, \r\n  share = cut(avgshare94_00, breaks = 4, labels = c(&quot;0-1&quot;, &quot;1-2&quot;, &quot;2-3&quot;, &quot;3-4&quot;))\r\n) %&gt;% \r\n  statebins(\r\n    value_col = &quot;share&quot;, \r\n    ggplot2_scale_function = scale_fill_brewer,\r\n    name = &quot;Share of workforce with jobs lost or threatened by trade&quot;\r\n  ) +\r\n  labs(title = &quot;1994-2000&quot;) +\r\n  theme_statebins()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/unnamed-chunk-3-1.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7156\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2017\/11\/18\/statebins-reimagined\/unnamed-chunk-3-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/unnamed-chunk-3-1.png?fit=1344%2C960&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1344,960\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"unnamed-chunk-3-1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/unnamed-chunk-3-1.png?fit=510%2C364&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/unnamed-chunk-3-1.png?resize=510%2C364&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"510\" height=\"364\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-7156\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>More manual labor<\/h3>\n<p>You can also still use hardcoded colors, but it&#8217;s a little more work on your end (but not much!):<\/p>\n<pre id=\"statebinsri05\"><code class=\"language-r\">library(statebins)\r\nlibrary(tidyverse)\r\n\r\nelection_2012 &lt;- suppressMessages(read_csv(system.file(&quot;extdata&quot;, &quot;election2012.csv&quot;, package=&quot;statebins&quot;)))\r\n\r\nmutate(election_2012, value = ifelse(is.na(Obama), &quot;Romney&quot;, &quot;Obama&quot;)) %&gt;% \r\n  statebins(\r\n    font_size=4, dark_label = &quot;white&quot;, light_label = &quot;white&quot;,\r\n    ggplot2_scale_function = scale_fill_manual,\r\n    name = &quot;Winner&quot;,\r\n    values = c(Romney = &quot;#2166ac&quot;, Obama = &quot;#b2182b&quot;)\r\n  ) +\r\n  theme_statebins()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/unnamed-chunk-3-6.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7157\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2017\/11\/18\/statebins-reimagined\/unnamed-chunk-3-6\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/unnamed-chunk-3-6.png?fit=1344%2C960&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1344,960\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"unnamed-chunk-3-6\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/unnamed-chunk-3-6.png?fit=510%2C364&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/unnamed-chunk-3-6.png?resize=510%2C364&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"510\" height=\"364\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-7157\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>BREAKING NEWS: Rounded corners<\/h3>\n<p>A Twitter request ended up turning into a new feature this afternoon (after I made this post) => rounded corners:<\/p>\n<pre id=\"statebinsri06\"><code class=\"language-r\">library(statebins)\r\nlibrary(tidyverse)\r\ndata(USArrests)\r\n\r\nUSArrests$state &lt;- rownames(USArrests)\r\nstatebins(USArrests, value_col=&quot;Assault&quot;, name = &quot;Assault&quot;, round=TRUE) +\r\n  theme_statebins(legend_position=&quot;right&quot;)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/rounded-1.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7164\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2017\/11\/18\/statebins-reimagined\/rounded-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/rounded-1.png?fit=1344%2C960&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1344,960\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"rounded-1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/rounded-1.png?fit=510%2C364&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/rounded-1.png?resize=510%2C364&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"510\" height=\"364\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-7164\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>MOAR BREAKING NEWS: geom &amp; faceting<\/h3>\n<p>Thomas Wood <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/hrbrmstr\/statebins\/issues\/10\">suggested<\/a> that faceting wld be nice, but that would really require a <code>Geom<\/code>. So, I took a stab at one:<\/p>\n<pre id=\"statebinsri07\"><code class=\"language-r\">library(statebins)\r\nlibrary(cdcfluview)\r\nlibrary(hrbrthemes)\r\nlibrary(tidyverse)\r\n\r\nflu &lt;- ili_weekly_activity_indicators(2017)\r\n\r\nggplot(flu, aes(state=statename, fill=activity_level)) +\r\n  geom_statebins() +\r\n  coord_equal() +\r\n  viridis::scale_fill_viridis(\r\n    name = &quot;ILI Activity Level  &quot;, limits=c(0,10), breaks=0:10, option = &quot;magma&quot;, direction = -1\r\n  ) +\r\n  facet_wrap(~weekend) +\r\n  labs(title=&quot;2017-18 Flu Season ILI Activity Level&quot;) +\r\n  theme_statebins(base_family = font_ps) +\r\n  theme(plot.title=element_text(size=16, hjust=0)) +\r\n  theme(plot.margin = margin(30,30,30,30))<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/plot_zoom_png-1-1.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7180\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2017\/11\/18\/statebins-reimagined\/plot_zoom_png-1-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/plot_zoom_png-1-1.png?fit=1732%2C1080&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1732,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"plot_zoom_png-1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/plot_zoom_png-1-1.png?fit=510%2C318&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/plot_zoom_png-1-1.png?resize=510%2C318&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"510\" height=\"318\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-7180\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>FIN<\/h3>\n<p>It&#8217;ll be a while before this hits CRAN and I&#8217;m not really planning on keeping the old interface when the submission happens. So, it&#8217;ll be <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/hrbrmstr\/statebins\">on GitHub<\/a> for a bit to let folks chime in on what additional features you want and whether you really <em>need<\/em> to keep the deprecated functions around in the package.<\/p>\n<p>So, kick the tyres and don&#8217;t hesitate to shoot over some feedback!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A long time ago, in a github repo far, far away there lived a tiny package that made it possible to create equal area, square U.S. state cartograms in R dubbed statebins?. Three years have come and gone and &#8212; truth be told &#8212; I&#8217;ve never been happy with that package. It never felt &#8220;right&#8221; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7156,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[91],"tags":[810],"class_list":["post-7149","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-r","tag-post"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Statebins Reimagined - rud.is<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2017\/11\/18\/statebins-reimagined\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Statebins Reimagined - rud.is\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A long time ago, in a github repo far, far away there lived a tiny package that made it possible to create equal area, square U.S. state cartograms in R dubbed statebins?. Three years have come and gone and &#8212; truth be told &#8212; I&#8217;ve never been happy with that package. 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