{"id":3633,"date":"2015-08-23T09:14:04","date_gmt":"2015-08-23T14:14:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rud.is\/b\/?p=3633"},"modified":"2018-03-10T07:54:36","modified_gmt":"2018-03-10T12:54:36","slug":"using-r-to-get-data-out-of-word-docs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2015\/08\/23\/using-r-to-get-data-out-of-word-docs\/","title":{"rendered":"Using R To Get Data *Out Of* Word Docs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>NOTE: after reading this post head on over to <a href=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2015\/08\/24\/new-pacakge-docxtractr-easily-extract-tables-from-microsoft-word-docs\/\">this new one<\/a> as it has wrapped this functionality (and more!) into a package.<\/p>\n<p>Also: <code>docxtractr<\/code> is now <a href=\"https:\/\/cran.rstudio.com\/web\/packages\/docxtractr\/index.html\">on CRAN<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>This was asked on twitter recently:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" lang=\"en\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Is it possible to import data entered in MS Word into R &#8211; I have multiple tables in 235 files that need importing <a href=\"https:\/\/mobile.twitter.com\/hashtag\/rstats?src=hash\">#rstats<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Richard Telford (@richardjtelford) <a href=\"https:\/\/mobile.twitter.com\/richardjtelford\/status\/635362926904373248\">August 23, 2015<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>The answer is a <em>very cautious<\/em> &#8220;yes&#8221;. Much depends on how well-formed and un-formatted the table is.<\/p>\n<p>Take this really simple <code>docx<\/code> file: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dropbox.com\/s\/or2yjy4mje03t5b\/data.docx?dl=0\">data.docx<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>It has a single table in it:<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"3634\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2015\/08\/23\/using-r-to-get-data-out-of-word-docs\/data_docx\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/data_docx.png?fit=512%2C163&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"512,163\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"data_docx\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/data_docx.png?fit=510%2C162&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/data_docx.png?resize=510%2C162&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"data_docx\" width=\"510\" height=\"162\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3634\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Now, <code>.docx<\/code> files are just zipped directories, so rename that to <code>data.zip<\/code>, unzip it and navigate to <code>data\/word\/document.xml<\/code> and you&#8217;ll see something like this (though it&#8217;ll be more compressed):<\/p>\n<pre id=\"xml-doc\"><code class=\"language-xml\">&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot; standalone=&quot;yes&quot;?&gt;\r\n&lt;w:document xmlns:wpc=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.microsoft.com\/office\/word\/2010\/wordprocessingCanvas&quot; xmlns:mo=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.microsoft.com\/office\/mac\/office\/2008\/main&quot; xmlns:mc=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/markup-compatibility\/2006&quot; xmlns:mv=&quot;urn:schemas-microsoft-com:mac:vml&quot; xmlns:o=&quot;urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office&quot; xmlns:r=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/relationships&quot; xmlns:m=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math&quot; xmlns:v=&quot;urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml&quot; xmlns:wp14=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.microsoft.com\/office\/word\/2010\/wordprocessingDrawing&quot; xmlns:wp=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/drawingml\/2006\/wordprocessingDrawing&quot; xmlns:w10=&quot;urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word&quot; xmlns:w=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/wordprocessingml\/2006\/main&quot; xmlns:w14=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.microsoft.com\/office\/word\/2010\/wordml&quot; xmlns:w15=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.microsoft.com\/office\/word\/2012\/wordml&quot; xmlns:wpg=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.microsoft.com\/office\/word\/2010\/wordprocessingGroup&quot; xmlns:wpi=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.microsoft.com\/office\/word\/2010\/wordprocessingInk&quot; xmlns:wne=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.microsoft.com\/office\/word\/2006\/wordml&quot; xmlns:wps=&quot;http:\/\/schemas.microsoft.com\/office\/word\/2010\/wordprocessingShape&quot; mc:Ignorable=&quot;w14 w15 wp14&quot;&gt;\r\n&lt;w:body&gt;\r\n    &lt;w:tbl&gt;\r\n        &lt;w:tblPr&gt;\r\n            &lt;w:tblStyle w:val=&quot;TableGrid&quot;\/&gt;\r\n            &lt;w:tblW w:w=&quot;0&quot; w:type=&quot;auto&quot;\/&gt;\r\n            &lt;w:tblLook w:val=&quot;04A0&quot; w:firstRow=&quot;1&quot; w:lastRow=&quot;0&quot; w:firstColumn=&quot;1&quot; w:lastColumn=&quot;0&quot; w:noHBand=&quot;0&quot; w:noVBand=&quot;1&quot;\/&gt;\r\n        &lt;\/w:tblPr&gt;\r\n        &lt;w:tblGrid&gt;\r\n            &lt;w:gridCol w:w=&quot;2337&quot;\/&gt;\r\n            &lt;w:gridCol w:w=&quot;2337&quot;\/&gt;\r\n            &lt;w:gridCol w:w=&quot;2338&quot;\/&gt;\r\n            &lt;w:gridCol w:w=&quot;2338&quot;\/&gt;\r\n        &lt;\/w:tblGrid&gt;\r\n        &lt;w:tr w:rsidR=&quot;00244D8A&quot; w14:paraId=&quot;6808A6FE&quot; w14:textId=&quot;77777777&quot; w:rsidTr=&quot;00244D8A&quot;&gt;\r\n            &lt;w:tc&gt;\r\n                &lt;w:tcPr&gt;\r\n                    &lt;w:tcW w:w=&quot;2337&quot; w:type=&quot;dxa&quot;\/&gt;\r\n                &lt;\/w:tcPr&gt;\r\n                &lt;w:p w14:paraId=&quot;7D006905&quot; w14:textId=&quot;77777777&quot; w:rsidR=&quot;00244D8A&quot; w:rsidRDefault=&quot;00244D8A&quot;&gt;\r\n                    &lt;w:r&gt;\r\n                        &lt;w:t&gt;This&lt;\/w:t&gt;\r\n                    &lt;\/w:r&gt;\r\n                &lt;\/w:p&gt;\r\n            &lt;\/w:tc&gt;\r\n            &lt;w:tc&gt;\r\n                &lt;w:tcPr&gt;\r\n                    &lt;w:tcW w:w=&quot;2337&quot; w:type=&quot;dxa&quot;\/&gt;\r\n                &lt;\/w:tcPr&gt;\r\n                &lt;w:p w14:paraId=&quot;13C9E52C&quot; w14:textId=&quot;77777777&quot; w:rsidR=&quot;00244D8A&quot; w:rsidRDefault=&quot;00244D8A&quot;&gt;\r\n                    &lt;w:r&gt;\r\n                        &lt;w:t&gt;Is&lt;\/w:t&gt;\r\n                    &lt;\/w:r&gt;\r\n                &lt;\/w:p&gt;\r\n            &lt;\/w:tc&gt;\r\n...<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>We can easily make out a table structure with rows and columns. In the simplest cases (which is all I&#8217;ll cover in this post) where the rows and columns are uniform it&#8217;s pretty easy to grab the data:<\/p>\n<pre id=\"core-r\"><code class=\"language-r\">library(xml2)\r\n\r\n# read in the XML file\r\ndoc &lt;- read_xml(&quot;data\/word\/document.xml&quot;)\r\n\r\n# there is an egregious use of namespaces in these files\r\nns &lt;- xml_ns(doc)\r\n\r\n# extract all the table cells (this is assuming one table in the document)\r\ncells &lt;- xml_find_all(doc, &quot;.\/\/w:tbl\/w:tr\/w:tc&quot;, ns=ns)\r\n\r\n# convert the cells to a matrix then to a data.frame)\r\ndat &lt;- data.frame(matrix(xml_text(cells), ncol=4, byrow=TRUE), \r\n                  stringsAsFactors=FALSE)\r\n\r\n# if there are column headers, make them the column name and remove that line\r\ncolnames(dat) &lt;- dat[1,]\r\ndat &lt;- dat[-1,]\r\nrownames(dat) &lt;- NULL\r\n\r\ndat\r\n\r\n##   This      Is     A   Column\r\n## 1    1     Cat   3.4      Dog\r\n## 2    3    Fish 100.3     Bird\r\n## 3    5 Pelican   -99 Kangaroo<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>You&#8217;ll need to clean up the column types, but you have at least freed the data from the evil file format it was in.<\/p>\n<p>If there is more than one table you can use XML node targeting to process each one separately or into a list. I&#8217;ve wrapped that functionality into a rudimentary function that will:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>auto-copy a Word doc to a temporary location<\/li>\n<li>rename it to a zip<\/li>\n<li>unzip it to a temporary location<\/li>\n<li>read in the <code>document.xml<\/code><\/li>\n<li>auto-determine the number of tables in the document<\/li>\n<li>auto-calculate # rows &amp; # columns per table<\/li>\n<li>convert each table<\/li>\n<li>return all the tables into a list<\/li>\n<li>clean up the temporarily created items<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre id=\"final-r\"><code class=\"language-r\">library(xml2)\r\n\r\nget_tbls &lt;- function(word_doc) {\r\n  \r\n  tmpd &lt;- tempdir()\r\n  tmpf &lt;- tempfile(tmpdir=tmpd, fileext=&quot;.zip&quot;)\r\n  \r\n  file.copy(word_doc, tmpf)\r\n  unzip(tmpf, exdir=sprintf(&quot;%s\/docdata&quot;, tmpd))\r\n  \r\n  doc &lt;- read_xml(sprintf(&quot;%s\/docdata\/word\/document.xml&quot;, tmpd))\r\n  \r\n  unlink(tmpf)\r\n  unlink(sprintf(&quot;%s\/docdata&quot;, tmpd), recursive=TRUE)\r\n\r\n  ns &lt;- xml_ns(doc)\r\n  \r\n  tbls &lt;- xml_find_all(doc, &quot;.\/\/w:tbl&quot;, ns=ns)\r\n  \r\n  lapply(tbls, function(tbl) {\r\n    \r\n    cells &lt;- xml_find_all(tbl, &quot;.\/w:tr\/w:tc&quot;, ns=ns)\r\n    rows &lt;- xml_find_all(tbl, &quot;.\/w:tr&quot;, ns=ns)\r\n    dat &lt;- data.frame(matrix(xml_text(cells), \r\n                             ncol=(length(cells)\/length(rows)), \r\n                             byrow=TRUE), \r\n                      stringsAsFactors=FALSE)\r\n    colnames(dat) &lt;- dat[1,]\r\n    dat &lt;- dat[-1,]\r\n    rownames(dat) &lt;- NULL\r\n    dat\r\n    \r\n  })\r\n  \r\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Using this multi-table Word doc &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dropbox.com\/s\/h4onduw8wbrb24e\/data3.docx?dl=0\">doc3<\/a>:<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"3639\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2015\/08\/23\/using-r-to-get-data-out-of-word-docs\/data3\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/data3.png?fit=503%2C341&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"503,341\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"data3\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/data3.png?fit=503%2C341&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/data3.png?resize=503%2C341&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"data3\" width=\"503\" height=\"341\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3639\" \/><\/p>\n<p>we can extract the three tables thusly:<\/p>\n<pre id=\"final-final-r\"><code class=\"language-r\">get_tbls(&quot;~\/Dropbox\/data3.docx&quot;)\r\n\r\n## [[1]]\r\n##   This      Is     A   Column\r\n## 1    1     Cat   3.4      Dog\r\n## 2    3    Fish 100.3     Bird\r\n## 3    5 Pelican   -99 Kangaroo\r\n## \r\n## [[2]]\r\n##   Foo Bar Baz\r\n## 1  Aa  Bb  Cc\r\n## 2  Dd  Ee  Ff\r\n## 3  Gg  Hh  ii\r\n## \r\n## [[3]]\r\n##   Foo Bar\r\n## 1  Aa  Bb\r\n## 2  Dd  Ee\r\n## 3  Gg  Hh\r\n## 4  1    2\r\n## 5  Zz  Jj\r\n## 6  Tt  ii<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>This function tries to calculate the rows\/columns per table but it does rely on a uniform table structure.<\/p>\n<p>Have an alternate method or more feature-complete way of handling Word docs as tabular data sources? Then definitely drop a note in the comments.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NOTE: after reading this post head on over to this new one as it has wrapped this functionality (and more!) into a package. Also: docxtractr is now on CRAN This was asked on twitter recently: Is it possible to import data entered in MS Word into R &#8211; I have multiple tables in 235 files [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[91,732],"tags":[810],"class_list":["post-3633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-r","category-xml","tag-post"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Using R To Get Data *Out Of* Word Docs - rud.is<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2015\/08\/23\/using-r-to-get-data-out-of-word-docs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Using R To Get Data *Out Of* Word Docs - rud.is\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"NOTE: after reading this post head on over to this new one as it has wrapped this functionality (and more!) into a package. 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