{"id":3569,"date":"2015-07-29T09:20:31","date_gmt":"2015-07-29T14:20:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rud.is\/b\/?p=3569"},"modified":"2018-03-07T16:43:48","modified_gmt":"2018-03-07T21:43:48","slug":"introducing-the-nominatim-geocoding-package","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2015\/07\/29\/introducing-the-nominatim-geocoding-package\/","title":{"rendered":"Introducing the nominatim geocoding package"},"content":{"rendered":"

In the never-ending battle for truth, justice and publishing more R
\npackages than [Oliver](http:\/\/twitter.com\/quominus), I whipped out an R
\npackage for the [OpenStreetMap Nominatim
\nAPI](http:\/\/wiki.openstreetmap.org\/wiki\/Nominatim). It actually hits the
\n[MapQuest Nominatim Servers](http:\/\/open.mapquestapi.com\/nominatim\/) for
\nmost of the calls, but the functionality is the same.<\/p>\n

The R package lets you:<\/p>\n

– `address_lookup`: Lookup the address of one or multiple OSM objects
\n like node, way or relation.
\n– `osm_geocode`: Search for places by address
\n– `osm_search`: Search for places
\n– `osm_search_spatial`: Search for places, returning a list of
\n `SpatialPointsDataFrame`, `SpatialLinesDataFrame` or a
\n `SpatialPolygonsDataFrame`
\n– `reverse_geocode_coords`: Reverse geocode based on lat\/lon
\n– `reverse_geocode_osm`: Reverse geocode based on OSM Type & Id<\/p>\n

Just like Google Maps, these services are not meant to be your
\nfreebie-access to mega-bulk-geocoding. You can and should pay for that.
\nBut, when you need a few items geocoded (or want to lookup some
\ninteresting things on OSM since it provides [special
\nphrases](http:\/\/wiki.openstreetmap.org\/wiki\/Nominatim\/Special_Phrases)
\nto work with), Nominatim lookups can be just what’s needed.<\/p>\n

Let’s say we wanted to see where pubs are in the Seattle metro area.
\nThat’s a simple task for nominatim:<\/p>\n

# devtools::install_github(\"hrbrmstr\/nominatim\")\r\nlibrary(nominatim)\r\nlibrary(dplyr)\r\n\r\nsea_pubs <- osm_search(\"pubs near seattle, wa\", limit=20)\r\n\r\nglimpse(sea_pubs)\r\n\r\n## Observations: 20\r\n## Variables:\r\n## $ place_id     (chr) \"70336054\", \"82743439\", \"11272568\", \"21478701\", \"...\r\n## $ licence      (chr) \"Data \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. htt...\r\n## $ osm_type     (chr) \"way\", \"way\", \"node\", \"node\", \"node\", \"node\", \"no...\r\n## $ osm_id       (chr) \"51460516\", \"96677583\", \"1077652159\", \"2123245933...\r\n## $ lat          (dbl) 47.64664, 47.63983, 47.60210, 47.62438, 47.59203,...\r\n## $ lon          (dbl) -122.3503, -122.3023, -122.3321, -122.3559, -122....\r\n## $ display_name (chr) \"Nickerson Street Saloon, 318, Nickerson Street, ...\r\n## $ class        (chr) \"amenity\", \"amenity\", \"amenity\", \"amenity\", \"amen...\r\n## $ type         (chr) \"pub\", \"pub\", \"pub\", \"pub\", \"pub\", \"pub\", \"pub\", ...\r\n## $ importance   (dbl) 0.201, 0.201, 0.201, 0.201, 0.201, 0.201, 0.201, ...\r\n## $ icon         (chr) \"http:\/\/mq-open-search-int-ls03.ihost.aol.com:800...\r\n## $ bbox_left    (dbl) 47.64650, 47.63976, 47.60210, 47.62438, 47.59203,...\r\n## $ bbox_top     (dbl) 47.64671, 47.63990, 47.60210, 47.62438, 47.59203,...\r\n## $ bbox_right   (dbl) -122.3504, -122.3025, -122.3321, -122.3559, -122....\r\n## $ bbox_bottom  (dbl) -122.3502, -122.3022, -122.3321, -122.3559, -122....<\/pre>\n
We can even plot those locations:<\/p>\n
library(rgdal)\r\nlibrary(ggplot2)\r\nlibrary(ggthemes)\r\nlibrary(sp)\r\nlibrary(DT)\r\n\r\n# Grab a neighborhood map of Seattle\r\nurl <- \"https:\/\/data.seattle.gov\/api\/file_data\/VkU4Er5ow6mlI0loFhjIw6eL6eKEYMefYMm4MGcUakU?filename=Neighborhoods.zip\"\r\nfil <- \"seattle.zip\"\r\nif (!file.exists(fil)) download.file(url, fil)\r\nif (!dir.exists(\"seattle\")) unzip(fil, exdir=\"seattle\")\r\n\r\n# make it usable\r\nsea <- readOGR(\"seattle\/Neighborhoods\/WGS84\/Neighborhoods.shp\", \"Neighborhoods\")\r\n\r\n## OGR data source with driver: ESRI Shapefile \r\n## Source: \"seattle\/Neighborhoods\/WGS84\/Neighborhoods.shp\", layer: \"Neighborhoods\"\r\n## with 119 features\r\n## It has 12 fields\r\n\r\nsea_map <- fortify(sea)\r\n\r\n# Get the extenes of where the pubs are so we can \"zoom in\"\r\nbnd_box <- bbox(SpatialPoints(as.matrix(sea_pubs[, c(\"lon\", \"lat\")])))\r\n\r\n# plot them\r\ngg <- ggplot()\r\ngg <- gg + geom_map(data=sea_map, map=sea_map,\r\n                    aes(x=long, y=lat, map_id=id),\r\n                    color=\"black\", fill=\"#c0c0c0\", size=0.25)\r\ngg <- gg + geom_point(data=sea_pubs, aes(x=lon, y=lat),\r\n                      color=\"#ffff33\", fill=\"#ff7f00\",\r\n                      shape=21, size=4, alpha=1\/2)\r\n# decent projection for Seattle-y things and expand the zoom\/clip a bit\r\ngg <- gg + coord_map(\"gilbert\",\r\n                     xlim=extendrange(bnd_box[\"lon\",], f=0.5),\r\n                     ylim=extendrange(bnd_box[\"lat\",], f=0.5))\r\ngg <- gg + labs(title=\"Seattle Pubs\")\r\ngg <- gg + theme_map()\r\ngg <- gg + theme(title=element_text(size=16))\r\ngg<\/pre>\n
\"seattle_map-1\"<\/a><\/p>\n
Of course you can geocode:<\/p>\n
addrs <- osm_geocode(c(\"1600 Pennsylvania Ave, Washington, DC.\",\r\n                     \"1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA\",\r\n                     \"Seattle, Washington\"))\r\naddrs %>% select(display_name)\r\n\r\n## Source: local data frame [3 x 1]\r\n## \r\n##                                                                  display_name\r\n## 1                  Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America\r\n## 2 Mountainview Lane, Huntington Beach, Orange County, California, 92648, Unit\r\n## 3                  Seattle, King County, Washington, United States of America\r\n\r\naddrs %>% select(lat, lon)\r\n\r\n## Source: local data frame [3 x 2]\r\n## \r\n##        lat        lon\r\n## 1 38.89495  -77.03665\r\n## 2 33.67915 -118.02588\r\n## 3 47.60383 -122.33006<\/pre>\n
Or, reverse geocode:<\/p>\n
# Reverse geocode Canadian embassies\r\n# complete list of Canadian embassies here:\r\n# http:\/\/open.canada.ca\/data\/en\/dataset\/6661f0f8-2fb2-46fa-9394-c033d581d531\r\n\r\nembassies <- data.frame(lat=c(\"34.53311\", \"41.327546\", \"41.91534\", \"36.76148\", \"-13.83282\",\r\n                             \"40.479094\", \"-17.820705\", \"13.09511\", \"13.09511\"),\r\n                       lon=c(\"69.1835\", \"19.818698\", \"12.50891\", \"3.0166\", \"-171.76462\",\r\n                             \"-3.686115\", \"31.043559\", \"-59.59998\", \"-59.59998\"), stringsAsFactors=FALSE)\r\n\r\nemb_coded_coords <- reverse_geocode_coords(embassies$lat, embassies$lon)\r\n\r\nemb_coded_coords %>% select(display_name)\r\n\r\n## Source: local data frame [9 x 1]\r\n## \r\n##                                                                  display_name\r\n## 1                Embassy of Canada, Ch.R.Wazir Akbar Khan, Kabul, Afghanistan\r\n## 2 Monumenti i Sk\u00ebnderbeut, Skanderbeg Square, Lulishtja K\u00ebshilli i Europ\u00ebes, \r\n## 3 Nomentana\/Trieste, Via Nomentana, San Lorenzo, Salario, Municipio Roma II, \r\n## 4 18, Avenue Khalef Mustapha, Ben Aknoun, Da\u00efra Bouzareah, Algiers, Ben aknou\r\n## 5                               The Hole in the Wall, Beach Road, \u0100pia, Samoa\r\n## 6 Torre Espacio, 259 D, Paseo de la Castellana, Fuencarral, Fuencarral-El Par\r\n## 7 Leopold Takawira Street, Avondale West, Harare, Harare Province, 00263, Zim\r\n## 8                    Bishop's Court Hill, Bridgetown, Saint Michael, Barbados\r\n## 9                    Bishop's Court Hill, Bridgetown, Saint Michael, Barbados<\/pre>\n
It can even return `Spatial` objects (somewhat experimental):<\/p>\n
# stock example search from OSM\r\nosm_search_spatial(\"[bakery]+berlin+wedding\", limit=5)[[1]]\r\n\r\n##            coordinates   place_id\r\n## 1 (13.34931, 52.54165)    9039748\r\n## 2 (13.34838, 52.54125) 2659941153\r\n## 3 (13.35678, 52.55138)   23586341\r\n## 4 (13.34985, 52.54158)    7161987\r\n## 5  (13.35348, 52.5499)   29179742\r\n##                                                                               licence\r\n## 1 Data \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. http:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\r\n## 2 Data \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. http:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\r\n## 3 Data \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. http:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\r\n## 4 Data \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. http:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\r\n## 5 Data \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. http:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\r\n##   osm_type     osm_id      lat      lon\r\n## 1     node  939667448 52.54165 13.34931\r\n## 2     node 3655549445 52.54125 13.34838\r\n## 3     node 2299953786 52.55138 13.35678\r\n## 4     node  762607353 52.54158 13.34985\r\n## 5     node 2661679367 52.54990 13.35348\r\n##                                                                                    display_name\r\n## 1            Baguetterie, F\u00f6hrer Stra\u00dfe, Br\u00fcsseler Kiez, Wedding, Mitte, Berlin, 13353, Germany\r\n## 2 F\u00f6hrer Cafe & Backshop, F\u00f6hrer Stra\u00dfe, Br\u00fcsseler Kiez, Wedding, Mitte, Berlin, 13353, Germany\r\n## 3               K\u00f6rfez, Amsterdamer Stra\u00dfe, Leopoldkiez, Wedding, Mitte, Berlin, 13347, Germany\r\n## 4             Knusperb\u00e4cker, Torfstra\u00dfe, Br\u00fcsseler Kiez, Wedding, Mitte, Berlin, 13353, Germany\r\n## 5             Hofb\u00e4ckerei, M\u00fcllerstra\u00dfe, Br\u00fcsseler Kiez, Wedding, Mitte, Berlin, 13353, Germany\r\n##   class   type importance\r\n## 1  shop bakery      0.201\r\n## 2  shop bakery      0.201\r\n## 3  shop bakery      0.201\r\n## 4  shop bakery      0.201\r\n## 5  shop bakery      0.201\r\n##                                                                                                      icon\r\n## 1 http:\/\/mq-open-search-int-ls04.ihost.aol.com:8000\/nominatim\/v1\/images\/mapicons\/shopping_bakery.p.20.png\r\n## 2 http:\/\/mq-open-search-int-ls04.ihost.aol.com:8000\/nominatim\/v1\/images\/mapicons\/shopping_bakery.p.20.png\r\n## 3 http:\/\/mq-open-search-int-ls04.ihost.aol.com:8000\/nominatim\/v1\/images\/mapicons\/shopping_bakery.p.20.png\r\n## 4 http:\/\/mq-open-search-int-ls04.ihost.aol.com:8000\/nominatim\/v1\/images\/mapicons\/shopping_bakery.p.20.png\r\n## 5 http:\/\/mq-open-search-int-ls04.ihost.aol.com:8000\/nominatim\/v1\/images\/mapicons\/shopping_bakery.p.20.png\r\n##    bbox_left   bbox_top bbox_right bbox_bottom\r\n## 1 52.5416504 52.5416504  13.349306   13.349306\r\n## 2 52.5412496 52.5412496 13.3483832  13.3483832\r\n## 3 52.5513806 52.5513806 13.3567785  13.3567785\r\n## 4   52.54158   52.54158 13.3498507  13.3498507\r\n## 5 52.5499029 52.5499029 13.3534756  13.3534756<\/pre>\n
The lookup functions are vectorized but there's a delay built in to
\navoid slamming the free servers.<\/p>\n
Some things on the TODO list are:<\/p>\n
-   enabling configuration of timeouts
\n-   enabling switching Nominatim API server providers (you can host your
\n    own!)
\n-   better `Spatial` support<\/p>\n
So, give the [code a spin](https:\/\/github.com\/hrbrmstr\/nominatim) and
\nsubmit feature requests\/issues to github!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
In the never-ending battle for truth, justice and publishing more R packages than [Oliver](http:\/\/twitter.com\/quominus), I whipped out an R package for the [OpenStreetMap Nominatim API](http:\/\/wiki.openstreetmap.org\/wiki\/Nominatim). It actually hits the [MapQuest Nominatim Servers](http:\/\/open.mapquestapi.com\/nominatim\/) for most of the calls, but the functionality is the same. The R package lets you: – `address_lookup`: Lookup the address of one […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[721,706,91],"tags":[810],"class_list":["post-3569","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cartography","category-maps","category-r","tag-post"],"yoast_head":"\nIntroducing the nominatim geocoding package - rud.is<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2015\/07\/29\/introducing-the-nominatim-geocoding-package\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Introducing the nominatim geocoding package - rud.is\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In the never-ending battle for truth, justice and publishing more R packages than [Oliver](http:\/\/twitter.com\/quominus), I whipped out an R package for the [OpenStreetMap Nominatim API](http:\/\/wiki.openstreetmap.org\/wiki\/Nominatim). 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