{"id":2883,"date":"2014-01-28T20:48:00","date_gmt":"2014-01-29T01:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rud.is\/b\/?p=2883"},"modified":"2017-04-02T22:51:57","modified_gmt":"2017-04-03T03:51:57","slug":"lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/","title":{"rendered":"Lies, Damn Lies, &#8220;Data Journalism&#8221; and Charts That Don&#8217;t Start at 0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This tweet by @moorehn (who usually is a superb economic journalist) really bugged me:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" lang=\"en\">\n<p>Alarming chart of employment for people between 25 and 54. It&#39;s like a ski jump. <a href=\"https:\/\/mobile.twitter.com\/search?q=%23SOTUecon&amp;src=hash\">#SOTUecon<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/t.co\/KNGYmwI88C\">pic.twitter.com\/KNGYmwI88C<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Heidi N. Moore (@moorehn) <a href=\"https:\/\/mobile.twitter.com\/moorehn\/statuses\/428331388715012096\">January 29, 2014<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>I grabbed the raw data from EPI: (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.epi.org\/files\/2012\/data-swa\/jobs-data\/Employment%20to%20population%20ratio%20(EPOPs).xls\">http:\/\/www.epi.org\/files\/2012\/data-swa\/jobs-data\/Employment%20to%20population%20ratio%20(EPOPs).xls<\/a>) and properly started the graph at 0 for the y-axis and also broke out men &amp; women (since the Excel spreadsheet had the data). It&#8217;s a <b>really<\/b> different picture:<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"2884\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/emptopop\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?fit=900%2C500&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"900,500\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"empToPop\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?fit=300%2C166&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?fit=510%2C283&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?resize=510%2C283&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"empToPop\" width=\"510\" height=\"283\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-2884\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?resize=530%2C294&amp;ssl=1 530w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?resize=150%2C83&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?resize=300%2C166&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?resize=535%2C297&amp;ssl=1 535w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?w=900&amp;ssl=1 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 510px) 100vw, 510px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;m not saying employment is great right now, but it&#8217;s nowhere near a &#8220;ski jump&#8221;. So much for the state of data journalism at the start of 2014.<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s the hastily crafted R-code:<\/p>\n<pre lang=\"rsplus\">library(ggplot2)\r\nlibrary(ggthemes)\r\nlibrary(reshape2)\r\n\r\na <- read.csv(\"empvyear.csv\")\r\nb <- melt(a, id.vars=\"Year\")\r\n\r\ngg <- ggplot(data=b, aes(x=Year, y=value, group=variable))\r\ngg <- gg + geom_line(aes(color=variable))\r\ngg <- gg + ylim(0, 100)\r\ngg <- gg + theme_economist()\r\ngg <- gg + labs(x=\"Year\", y=\"Employment as share of population (%)\", \r\n                title=\"Employment-to-population ratio, age 25\u201354, 1975\u20132011\")\r\ngg <- gg + theme(legend.title = element_blank())\r\ngg<\/pre>\n<p>And, here's the data extracted from the Excel file:<\/p>\n<pre>Year,Men,Women\r\n1975,89.0,51.0\r\n1976,89.5,52.9\r\n1977,90.1,54.8\r\n1978,91.0,57.3\r\n1979,91.1,59.0\r\n1980,89.4,60.1\r\n1981,89.0,61.2\r\n1982,86.5,61.2\r\n1983,86.1,62.0\r\n1984,88.4,63.9\r\n1985,88.7,65.3\r\n1986,88.5,66.6\r\n1987,89.0,68.2\r\n1988,89.5,69.3\r\n1989,89.9,70.4\r\n1990,89.1,70.6\r\n1991,87.5,70.1\r\n1992,86.8,70.1\r\n1993,87.0,70.4\r\n1994,87.2,71.5\r\n1995,87.6,72.2\r\n1996,87.9,72.8\r\n1997,88.4,73.5\r\n1998,88.8,73.6\r\n1999,89.0,74.1\r\n2000,89.0,74.2\r\n2001,87.9,73.4\r\n2002,86.6,72.3\r\n2003,85.9,72.0\r\n2004,86.3,71.8\r\n2005,86.9,72.0\r\n2006,87.3,72.5\r\n2007,87.5,72.5\r\n2008,86.0,72.3\r\n2009,81.5,70.2\r\n2010,81,69.3\r\n2011,81.4,69<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This tweet by @moorehn (who usually is a superb economic journalist) really bugged me: Alarming chart of employment for people between 25 and 54. It&#39;s like a ski jump. #SOTUecon pic.twitter.com\/KNGYmwI88C &mdash; Heidi N. Moore (@moorehn) January 29, 2014 I grabbed the raw data from EPI: (http:\/\/www.epi.org\/files\/2012\/data-swa\/jobs-data\/Employment%20to%20population%20ratio%20(EPOPs).xls) and properly started the graph at 0 for [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[24,677,673,674,712,713,91],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2883","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-charts-graphs","category-data-analysis-2","category-datavis-2","category-dataviz","category-economics","category-media","category-r"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Lies, Damn Lies, &quot;Data Journalism&quot; and Charts That Don&#039;t Start at 0 - rud.is<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lies, Damn Lies, &quot;Data Journalism&quot; and Charts That Don&#039;t Start at 0 - rud.is\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This tweet by @moorehn (who usually is a superb economic journalist) really bugged me: Alarming chart of employment for people between 25 and 54. It&#039;s like a ski jump. #SOTUecon pic.twitter.com\/KNGYmwI88C &mdash; Heidi N. Moore (@moorehn) January 29, 2014 I grabbed the raw data from EPI: (http:\/\/www.epi.org\/files\/2012\/data-swa\/jobs-data\/Employment%20to%20population%20ratio%20(EPOPs).xls) and properly started the graph at 0 for [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"rud.is\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-01-29T01:48:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-04-03T03:51:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop-530x294.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"hrbrmstr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"hrbrmstr\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"hrbrmstr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/#\/schema\/person\/d7cb7487ab0527447f7fda5c423ff886\"},\"headline\":\"Lies, Damn Lies, &#8220;Data Journalism&#8221; and Charts That Don&#8217;t Start at 0\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-01-29T01:48:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-04-03T03:51:57+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/\"},\"wordCount\":146,\"commentCount\":13,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/#\/schema\/person\/d7cb7487ab0527447f7fda5c423ff886\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop-530x294.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Charts &amp; Graphs\",\"Data Analysis\",\"DataVis\",\"DataViz\",\"economics\",\"media\",\"R\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/\",\"name\":\"Lies, Damn Lies, \\\"Data Journalism\\\" and Charts That Don't Start at 0 - rud.is\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop-530x294.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-01-29T01:48:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-04-03T03:51:57+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?fit=900%2C500&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?fit=900%2C500&ssl=1\",\"width\":900,\"height\":500},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Lies, Damn Lies, &#8220;Data Journalism&#8221; and Charts That Don&#8217;t Start at 0\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/\",\"name\":\"rud.is\",\"description\":\"&quot;In God we trust. 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It&#39;s like a ski jump. #SOTUecon pic.twitter.com\/KNGYmwI88C &mdash; Heidi N. Moore (@moorehn) January 29, 2014 I grabbed the raw data from EPI: (http:\/\/www.epi.org\/files\/2012\/data-swa\/jobs-data\/Employment%20to%20population%20ratio%20(EPOPs).xls) and properly started the graph at 0 for [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/","og_site_name":"rud.is","article_published_time":"2014-01-29T01:48:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2017-04-03T03:51:57+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop-530x294.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"hrbrmstr","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"hrbrmstr","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/"},"author":{"name":"hrbrmstr","@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/#\/schema\/person\/d7cb7487ab0527447f7fda5c423ff886"},"headline":"Lies, Damn Lies, &#8220;Data Journalism&#8221; and Charts That Don&#8217;t Start at 0","datePublished":"2014-01-29T01:48:00+00:00","dateModified":"2017-04-03T03:51:57+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/"},"wordCount":146,"commentCount":13,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/#\/schema\/person\/d7cb7487ab0527447f7fda5c423ff886"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop-530x294.png","articleSection":["Charts &amp; Graphs","Data Analysis","DataVis","DataViz","economics","media","R"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/","url":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/","name":"Lies, Damn Lies, \"Data Journalism\" and Charts That Don't Start at 0 - rud.is","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop-530x294.png","datePublished":"2014-01-29T01:48:00+00:00","dateModified":"2017-04-03T03:51:57+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?fit=900%2C500&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rud.is\/b\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/empToPop.png?fit=900%2C500&ssl=1","width":900,"height":500},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2014\/01\/28\/lies-damn-lies-data-journalism-and-charts-that-dont-start-at-0\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Lies, Damn Lies, &#8220;Data Journalism&#8221; and Charts That Don&#8217;t Start at 0"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/#website","url":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/","name":"rud.is","description":"&quot;In God we trust. 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[W00t!] Now the hard part: crank out a compelling presentation in the next six weeks! If you're interested at all in doing more with your security data, this talk is\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Charts &amp; Graphs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Charts &amp; Graphs","link":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/category\/charts-graphs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3364,"url":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2015\/03\/30\/3364\/","url_meta":{"origin":2883,"position":2},"title":"A look at airline crashes in R with googlesheets, dplyr &#038; ggplot2","author":"hrbrmstr","date":"2015-03-30","format":false,"excerpt":"Over on The DO Loop, @RickWicklin does a nice job [visualizing the causes of airline crashes](http:\/\/blogs.sas.com\/content\/iml\/2015\/03\/30\/visualizing-airline-crashes\/) in SAS using a mosaic plot. 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