{"id":12366,"date":"2019-06-26T07:48:31","date_gmt":"2019-06-26T12:48:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/?p=12366"},"modified":"2019-06-28T05:05:03","modified_gmt":"2019-06-28T10:05:03","slug":"quick-hit-above-the-fold-hard-wrapping-text-at-n-characters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2019\/06\/26\/quick-hit-above-the-fold-hard-wrapping-text-at-n-characters\/","title":{"rendered":"Quick Hit: Above the Fold; Hard wrapping text at ‘n’ characters"},"content":{"rendered":"

Despite being on holiday I’m getting in a bit of non-work R coding since the fam has a greater ability to sleep late than I do. Apart from other things I’ve been working on a PR<\/a> into {lutz}, a package by @andyteucher that turns lat\/lng pairs into timezone strings.<\/p>\n

The package is super neat and has two modes: “fast” (originally based on a {V8}-backed version of @darkskyapp’s tzlookup<\/a> javascript module) and “accurate” using R’s amazing spatial ops.<\/p>\n

I ported the javascript algorithm to C++\/Rcpp and have been tweaking the bit of package helper code that fetches this:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

and extracts the embedded string tree and corresponding timezones array and turns both into something C++ can use.<\/p>\n

Originally I just made a header file with the same long lines:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

but that’s icky and fairly bad form, especially given that C++ will combine adjacent string literals<\/a> for you.<\/p>\n

The stringi::stri_wrap()<\/code> function can easily take care<\/a> of wrapping the time zone array elements for us:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

but, I also needed the ability to hard-wrap the encoded string tree at a fixed width. There are lots of ways to do that, here are three of them:<\/p>\n

library(Rcpp)\nlibrary(stringi)\nlibrary(tidyverse)\nlibrary(hrbrthemes)\nlibrary(microbenchmark)\n\nsourceCpp(code = \"\n#include <Rcpp.h>\n\n\/\/ [[Rcpp::export]]\nstd::vector< std::string > fold_cpp(const std::string& input, int width) {\n\n  int sz = input.length() \/ width;\n\n  std::vector< std::string > out;\n  out.reserve(sz); \/\/ shld make this more efficient\n\n  for (unsigned long idx=0; idx<sz; idx++) {\n    out.push_back(\n      input.substr(idx*width, width)\n    );\n  }\n\n  if (input.length() % width != 0) out.push_back(input.substr(width*sz));\n\n  return(out);\n}\n\") \n\nfold_base <- function(input, width) {\n\n  vapply(\n    seq(1, nchar(input), width), \n    function(idx) substr(input, idx, idx + width - 1), \n    FUN.VALUE = character(1)\n  )\n\n}\n\nfold_tidy <- function(input, width) {\n\n  map_chr(\n    seq(1, nchar(input), width),\n    ~stri_sub(input, .x, length = width)\n  ) \n\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
(If you know of a package that has this type of function def leave a note in the comments).<\/p>\n
Each one does the same thing: move n<\/code> sequences of width<\/code> characters into a new slot in a character vector. Let’s see what they do with this toy long string example:<\/p>\n
(src <- paste0(c(rep(\"a\", 30), rep(\"b\", 30), rep(\"c\", 4)), collapse = \"\"))\n## [1] \"aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaabbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbcccc\"\n\nfor (n in c(1, 7, 30, 40)) {\n\n  print(fold_base(src, n))\n  print(fold_tidy(src, n))\n  print(fold_cpp(src, n))\n  cat(\"\\n\")\n\n}\n##  [1] \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\"\n## [18] \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\"\n## [35] \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\"\n## [52] \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"c\" \"c\" \"c\" \"c\"\n##  [1] \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\"\n## [18] \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\"\n## [35] \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\"\n## [52] \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"c\" \"c\" \"c\" \"c\"\n##  [1] \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\"\n## [18] \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"a\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\"\n## [35] \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\"\n## [52] \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"b\" \"c\" \"c\" \"c\" \"c\"\n## \n##  [1] \"aaaaaaa\" \"aaaaaaa\" \"aaaaaaa\" \"aaaaaaa\" \"aabbbbb\" \"bbbbbbb\"\n##  [7] \"bbbbbbb\" \"bbbbbbb\" \"bbbbccc\" \"c\"      \n##  [1] \"aaaaaaa\" \"aaaaaaa\" \"aaaaaaa\" \"aaaaaaa\" \"aabbbbb\" \"bbbbbbb\"\n##  [7] \"bbbbbbb\" \"bbbbbbb\" \"bbbbccc\" \"c\"      \n##  [1] \"aaaaaaa\" \"aaaaaaa\" \"aaaaaaa\" \"aaaaaaa\" \"aabbbbb\" \"bbbbbbb\"\n##  [7] \"bbbbbbb\" \"bbbbbbb\" \"bbbbccc\" \"c\"      \n## \n## [1] \"aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa\" \"bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb\"\n## [3] \"cccc\"                          \n## [1] \"aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa\" \"bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb\"\n## [3] \"cccc\"                          \n## [1] \"aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa\" \"bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb\"\n## [3] \"cccc\"                          \n## \n## [1] \"aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaabbbbbbbbbb\"\n## [2] \"bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbcccc\"                \n## [1] \"aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaabbbbbbbbbb\"\n## [2] \"bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbcccc\"                \n## [1] \"aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaabbbbbbbbbb\"\n## [2] \"bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbcccc\"   \n<\/code><\/pre>\n
So, we know they all work, which means we can take a look at which one is faster. Let’s compare folding at various widths:<\/p>\n
map_df(c(1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 20, 30, 40, 70), ~{\n  microbenchmark(\n    base = fold_base(src, .x),\n    tidy = fold_tidy(src, .x),\n    cpp = fold_cpp(src, .x)\n  ) %>% \n    mutate(width = .x) %>% \n    as_tibble()\n}) %>% \n  mutate(\n    width = factor(width, \n                   levels = sort(unique(width)), \n                   ordered = TRUE)\n  ) -> bench_df\n\nggplot(bench_df, aes(expr, time)) +\n  ggbeeswarm::geom_quasirandom(\n    aes(group = width, fill = width),\n    groupOnX = TRUE, shape = 21, color = \"white\", size = 3, stroke = 0.125, alpha = 1\/4\n  ) +\n  scale_y_comma(trans = \"log10\", position = \"right\") +\n  coord_flip() +\n  guides(\n    fill = guide_legend(override.aes = list(alpha = 1))\n  ) +\n  labs(\n    x = NULL, y = \"Time (nanoseconds)\",\n    fill = \"Split width:\", \n    title = \"Performance comparison between 'fold' implementations\"\n  ) +\n  theme_ft_rc(grid=\"X\") +\n  theme(legend.position = \"top\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
ggplot(bench_df, aes(width, time)) +\n  ggbeeswarm::geom_quasirandom(\n    aes(group = expr, fill = expr),\n    groupOnX = TRUE, shape = 21, color = \"white\", size = 3, stroke = 0.125, alpha = 1\/4\n  ) +\n  scale_x_discrete(\n    labels = c(1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 20, 30, 40, \"Split\/fold width: 70\")\n  ) +\n  scale_y_comma(trans = \"log10\", position = \"right\") +\n  scale_fill_ft() +\n  coord_flip() +\n  guides(\n    fill = guide_legend(override.aes = list(alpha = 1))\n  ) +\n  labs(\n    x = NULL, y = \"Time (nanoseconds)\",\n    fill = NULL,\n    title = \"Performance comparison between 'fold' implementations\"\n  ) +\n  theme_ft_rc(grid=\"X\") +\n  theme(legend.position = \"top\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
The Rcpp version is both faster and more consistent than the other two implementations (though they get faster as the number of string subsetting operations decrease); but, they’re all pretty fast. For an infrequently run process, it might be better to use the base R version purely for simplicity. Despite that fact, I used the Rcpp version to turn the string tree long line into:<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
FIN<\/h3>\n
If you have need to “fold” like this how do you currently implement your solution? Found a bug or better way after looking at the code? Drop a note in the comments so you can help others find an optimal solution to their own ‘fold’ing problems.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Despite being on holiday I’m getting in a bit of non-work R coding since the fam has a greater ability to sleep late than I do. Apart from other things I’ve been working on a PR into {lutz}, a package by @andyteucher that turns lat\/lng pairs into timezone strings. The package is super neat and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12372,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[91],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12366","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-r"],"yoast_head":"\nQuick Hit: Above the Fold; Hard wrapping text at 'n' characters - rud.is<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rud.is\/b\/2019\/06\/26\/quick-hit-above-the-fold-hard-wrapping-text-at-n-characters\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Quick Hit: Above the Fold; Hard wrapping text at 'n' characters - rud.is\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Despite being on holiday I’m getting in a bit of non-work R coding since the fam has a greater ability to sleep late than I do. 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